![]() The minimum bandwidth of a UWB signal is usually 500 MHz. However, the impact of the type of UWB signal chosen on the communication performance and on the complexity of the radio implementation must be carefully analyzed. ![]() Moreover, since most of the complexity of UWB communication is in the receiver, it allows the realization of an ultra-low power, very simple transmitter and shift the complexity as much as possible to the receiver in the master. In pulse-based UWB, the transmitter only needs to operate during the pulse transmission, producing a strong duty cycle on the radio and the expensive baseline power consumption is minimized. The latter can then be tailored for low hardware complexity as well as low system power consumption. Although the regulations on UWB radiation define a power spectral density (PSD) limit of -41dBm/MHz, there are very few regulations on the definition of the time-domain waveform. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has authorized UWB communications between 3.1GHz and 10.6GHz. For wireless sensor nodes, a radio is needed which is 1 to 2 orders more power efficient. This leads to a power efficiency of roughly 100 to 1,000mW/Mbps or nJ/bit. ![]() Typical chipsets for these radios consume in the order of 10 to 100mW for data rates of 100 to 1,000kbps.
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